This Bureau was established in 1985EC by the name of Oromia Natural Resources and Environmental Protection bureau was the first institution formed in which Water Supply and its Resource Management was considered as one unit.

After government restructuring the structure at the begining of 1988EC named as Oromia water resource,mineral and Energy bureau and work by this name under Oromia regional government since 1994EC

Eventhough working by this name and restructuring at the end of July 1,1994 EC in to two bodies such that Oromia mineral and Energy Agency and Oromia water resource bureau since 2002EC.

The four institutions as well as the Irrigation Department, then have at times run in a mixed style and other times proclaimed as separate and independent public offices. Proceeding in this pace, since 2003 EC upto the present date, three of them (Water, Mineral and Energy) have been reinstituted and operate under one Bureau but the Irrigation Department again proclaimed as a separate entity and currently operates as Oromia Irrigation Authority.

AT the middile of 2011 EC the bereau has restructure by proclamation number 213/2011 and explit again in to two Organization such that Oromia water and Energy Resource Development Bureau and Oromia Mineral Authority.At the very start of its creation, the Bureau had been departmentalized into several functions including the Departments for Resources Management segment, Mineral and Energy, Urban and Rural Water Supply and Sewerage Operation and Maintenance, Project Study and Design, Project Monitoring and Supervision, Community Participation and Promotion, and all other supporting segments enabling it to fulfill its huge missions.

Therefore the Oromia Water and Energy Resource Development Bureau has 20 zonal and 300 rural woreda structures. There are seven first grade, 25 Grade II, 23 Grade III, 24 Grade IV and 24 Grade VI Water Supply and Sanitation Enterprises/utilities that represent towns at different status.Currently, there are more than 67,000 various types of rural water supply schemes in the region.In 2011 the oromia Water and Energy Resource Development Bureau have a total of 399 Employees at head office level: The Bureau has two sectors such that water and Energy development sector and Drinking Water Facility adminstration and sentation and Hygine sectors. six Directorate :- 1.Daayreektooreeti Bulchinsa Qabeenya Bishaanii2.Daayreektooreeti Qorannoo Fi Dizaayinii Hojiiwwan Bishaanii Fi Dhangala’aa3.Daayreektooreeti Bul. Kontiraataa ,Hojiiwwaan Bishaan Dhugaatii Fi Dhanagala’aa: 4.Daayrektoreetii Misooma Qabeenya Inerjii5 . Daayreektooreetii Haaromsa Boollaa fi Bulchinsa Maashinarii6. Daayreektooreeti Bulchinsa Iskimoota bishaan dhugaatii fi dhanagala’aa Four (4) programs 1. OneWASH 2. Uniceif3. CoWASH4. BiogasFive 5 Supportive Process Directorate and 28 case teams under directorates. 1.Daayreektooreetii Karoora,Baajata,Hordoffii fi Gamaggama2.Daayirektooreetii Faayinansii3.Daayireekitooreetii Hoggansa qabeenya Namaa fi Ijaarsa Dandeettii4. Daayirektooreetii Oditii5.Daayirektooreetii Bittaa fi Bulchinsa Qabeenyaa